A 1977 computer is still accepting commands across interstellar space. Could someone other than NASA take control?
Voyager 1 has a Command Computer Subsystem that decodes commands, sequences operations, and performs fault protection. NASA describes six onboard computers with roughly 32,000 words of memory combined. This is a remarkable study in the difference between physical inaccessibility and cryptographic security.
Unauthorized spacecraft commanding is possible in principle, but there is no publicly demonstrated takeover of Voyager 1. The absence of publicly documented modern encryption is not proof that arbitrary radio transmissions would work. Specialized command formats, receiver constraints, immense distance, and secure ground operations matter.